feat: add exclude_clarity_versions to contract consensus tests

[francesco-stacks]

Description

Builds on top of #6699, will be rebased once the other PR will be merged.

some consensus tests may not need to be tested for certain clarity versions. This is expecially true for contract calls (that I am testing for the runtime check errors), where we have tens of blocks, where maybe only 1 or 2 clarity versions can be used to deploy the contract.

I decided to specify the excluded versions instead of the "accepted" ones, because this way the tests will be automatically running also for new clarity versions when they will be added.

Applicable issues

• fixes #

Additional info (benefits, drawbacks, caveats)

Checklist

• Test coverage for new or modified code paths
• Changelog is updated
• Required documentation changes (e.g., docs/rpc/openapi.yaml and rpc-endpoints.md for v2 endpoints, event-dispatcher.md for new events)
• New clarity functions have corresponding PR in clarity-benchmarking repo

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 85.71429% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 71.45%. Comparing base (cda6a5e) to head (7549019).
⚠️ Report is 13 commits behind head on develop.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
stackslib/src/chainstate/tests/consensus.rs	91.66%	1 Missing ⚠️
...slib/src/chainstate/tests/static_analysis_tests.rs	50.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

❌ Your project status has failed because the head coverage (71.45%) is below the target coverage (80.00%). You can increase the head coverage or adjust the target coverage.

❗ There is a different number of reports uploaded between BASE (cda6a5e) and HEAD (7549019). Click for more details.

HEAD has 12 uploads less than BASE

Flag	BASE (cda6a5e)	HEAD (7549019)
	142	130

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #6707      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    80.03%   71.45%   -8.58%     
===========================================
  Files          577      577              
  Lines       357651   357664      +13     
===========================================
- Hits        286235   255566   -30669     
- Misses       71416   102098   +30682     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
stackslib/src/chainstate/tests/consensus.rs	86.99% <91.66%> (-7.85%)	⬇️
...slib/src/chainstate/tests/static_analysis_tests.rs	69.96% <50.00%> (-25.23%)	⬇️

... and 320 files with indirect coverage changes

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[jacinta-stacks]

LOL I literally have this exact change sitting on a local branch. Thanks for doing.