feat: support ${pid} placeholder in --cpu-prof-name

[haramj]

This patch adds support for runtime substitution of the ${pid} placeholder
in the --cpu-prof-name option. This is helpful when using cluster/forked
processes to avoid profile file name collisions.

Previously, patterns like ${pid} were not substituted. Now, ${pid} will
be replaced with the current process ID.

Example:
node --cpu-prof --cpu-prof-name 'CPU.${pid}.cpuprofile' index.js

Generates: CPU.12345.cpuprofile

Also updated the CLI documentation accordingly.

Fixes: #57418

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/inspector

[haramj]

I didn’t modify the affected section in cli.md, but the build fails with a link not found error. It seems to be an issue related to the documentation build tooling or other files, not my changes.

[theanarkh]

Please run CLANG_FORMAT_START=$(git merge-base HEAD main) make format-cpp on your PC and change commit message to src: xxx.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 64.28571% with 5 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.07%. Comparing base (049664b) to head (b3b8067).
Report is 4 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/inspector_profiler.cc	64.28%	2 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #59072      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.06%   90.07%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         645      645              
  Lines      189130   189144      +14     
  Branches    37094    37095       +1     
==========================================
+ Hits       170339   170375      +36     
+ Misses      11511    11476      -35     
- Partials     7280     7293      +13     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/inspector_profiler.cc	79.79% <64.28%> (-0.57%)	⬇️

... and 29 files with indirect coverage changes

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