Using unix sockets

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
   build-and-test:
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        platform: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        platform: [ubuntu-latest]
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform }}
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Check zig version
         run: zig version
 
-      - name: Build all examples
+      - name: Build all
         run: zig build
 
       - name: Run tests

AGENTS.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ There is no separate formatter or linter. Follow the style rules below and let
 
 ## Architecture Rules
 
-- **Single library**: all code lives under `src/`; `dusty` is the only external dependency.
+- **Single library**: all code lives under `src/`; no external dependencies (uses built-in HTTP/1.1 client over Unix domain socket).
 - **Tagged unions over protocols**: `wait.Strategy` is a tagged union, not an interface.
 - **Struct-literal configuration**: `ContainerRequest` uses default field values;
   no builder methods or method chaining.

ARCHITECTURE.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ For usage examples and getting-started instructions see [QUICKSTART.md](QUICKSTA
 | Zig-first | Tagged unions, comptime, `errdefer`, manual allocation — no hidden allocations |
 | Type safety | Comptime-checked configuration; all errors are explicit in return types |
 | Developer experience | Simple struct-literal configuration, namespace-based wait strategy DSL |
-| Minimal coupling | Single library; HTTP transport is a separate `dusty` dependency |
+| Minimal coupling | Single library; no external dependencies — built-in HTTP/1.1 client over Unix domain socket |
 | Testability | `DockerClient` is injected via value; containers clean up deterministically |
 
 ## Component Overview
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ testcontainers (src/root.zig)
         mariadb, minio, elasticsearch, kafka, localstack
 ```
 
-The HTTP transport layer is provided by **dusty** (a dependency declared in `build.zig.zon`). The async I/O runtime is **zio**. Neither is re-exported by `testcontainers`; callers only need to initialise `zio.Runtime` once before making any calls.
+The HTTP transport layer is a built-in HTTP/1.1 client that communicates directly with the Docker Unix socket via `std.net.connectUnixSocket`. There are no external dependencies. For the HTTP wait strategy, `std.http.Client` from the standard library is used.
 
 ## Component Diagram
 
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ The HTTP transport layer is provided by **dusty** (a dependency declared in `bui
 └────────────────────────────────────────────┼────────────────────┘
                                              ▼
                               ┌──────────────────────────────┐
-                              │  dusty HTTP client           │
-                              │  (unix socket transport)     │
+                              │  Built-in HTTP/1.1 client    │
+                              │  (std.net.connectUnixSocket) │
                               └──────────────────────────────┘
                                              │
                                              ▼
@@ -164,14 +164,8 @@ There are no finalizers, no reference counting, and no garbage collector.
 
 ## Concurrency Model
 
-The library uses **dusty** for HTTP over a Unix socket. dusty is internally powered by **zio**,
-a structured async I/O runtime. Callers must initialise a `zio.Runtime` before making any
-network calls:
-
-```zig
-var rt = try zio.Runtime.init(alloc, .{});
-defer rt.deinit();
-```
+The library uses a built-in HTTP/1.1 client that communicates directly with the Docker Unix
+socket via `std.net.connectUnixSocket`. No external runtime or async framework is needed.
 
 All public API functions block the calling thread until completion. There is no callback or
 Future-based API surface.
@@ -204,15 +198,14 @@ aliases from `ContainerRequest.network_aliases`.
 
 | Dependency | Role | Source |
 |-----------|------|--------|
-| `dusty` | HTTP client (unix socket + TCP) | `build.zig.zon` |
-| Zig stdlib | JSON, I/O, testing | built-in |
+| Zig stdlib | JSON, I/O, HTTP, networking, testing | built-in |
 
-No other runtime dependencies. zio is a transitive dependency of dusty and is not referenced
-directly by application code.
+No external dependencies. The library communicates with the Docker Engine using a built-in
+HTTP/1.1 client over `std.net.connectUnixSocket`.
 
 ## References
 
 - [Docker Engine API v1.44](https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/v1.44/)
 - [Zig Language Reference](https://ziglang.org/documentation/0.15.2/)
 - [testcontainers-go](https://github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-go) — reference architecture
-- [dusty HTTP client](https://github.com/dragosv/dusty) — transport layer
+- [Zig Standard Library](https://ziglang.org/documentation/0.15.2/std/) — HTTP, networking, JSON

IMPLEMENTATION_GUIDE.md

@@ -146,8 +146,8 @@ Public API entry point. Exports:
 
 ### `src/docker_client.zig`
 
-`DockerClient` communicates with the Docker Engine via a Unix socket using the **dusty**
-HTTP library. Endpoints used:
+`DockerClient` communicates with the Docker Engine via a Unix socket using a built-in
+HTTP/1.1 client (`std.net.connectUnixSocket`). Endpoints used:
 
 | Method | Endpoint | Purpose |
 |--------|----------|---------|
@@ -264,12 +264,11 @@ pub const Network = struct {
 ### `examples/basic.zig`
 
 Full nginx example:
-1. Initialise `zio.Runtime`
-2. `tc.run(alloc, "nginx:latest", .{ .wait_strategy = tc.wait.forHttp("/") })`
-3. `ctr.mappedPort("80/tcp", alloc)`
-4. Fetch `/` using a dusty HTTP client
-5. `ctr.exec(&.{"echo", "hello"})`
-6. Print output
+1. `tc.run(alloc, "nginx:latest", .{ .wait_strategy = tc.wait.forHttp("/") })`
+2. `ctr.mappedPort("80/tcp", alloc)`
+3. Fetch `/` using `std.http.Client`
+4. `ctr.exec(&.{"echo", "hello"})`
+5. Print output
 
 ## Adding a New Module
 
@@ -299,9 +298,9 @@ zig build example                   # run examples/basic.zig
 
 | Package | Version | Role |
 |---------|---------|------|
-| `dusty` | main @ 69f47e2b | HTTP over Unix socket |
+| Zig stdlib | built-in | JSON, I/O, HTTP, networking, testing |
 
-zio is a transitive dependency of dusty; it does not need to be declared separately.
+No external dependencies. The library uses a built-in HTTP/1.1 client over Unix domain socket.
 
 ## Project Statistics
 
@@ -311,7 +310,7 @@ zio is a transitive dependency of dusty; it does not need to be declared separat
 | Modules | 10 |
 | Wait strategies | 7 |
 | Integration tests | 24 |
-| External dependencies | 1 |
+| External dependencies | 0 |
 | Zig version | 0.15.2 |
 
 ## Getting Help

PROJECT_SUMMARY.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ This document provides a comprehensive overview of the testcontainers-zig implem
    - Zig Build System configuration
    - Minimum Zig version: 0.15.2
    - Build steps: `build`, `test`, `integration-test`, `example`
-   - Single external dependency: `dusty` (HTTP client, unix socket transport)
+   - No external dependencies — built-in HTTP/1.1 client over Unix domain socket (`std.net.connectUnixSocket`)
 
 2. **Docker API Client** (`src/docker_client.zig`)
    - Value-type `DockerClient` communicating over a Unix socket
@@ -149,23 +149,18 @@ errdefer alloc.free(some_resource);
 Every function that allocates takes an `std.mem.Allocator` parameter and documents ownership
 of returned slices. No global allocator, no GC.
 
-### 5. zio Runtime Requirement
+### 5. No External Runtime Required
 
-All network I/O is backed by zio (async runtime). Callers must keep a `zio.Runtime` alive:
-
-```zig
-var rt = try zio.Runtime.init(alloc, .{});
-defer rt.deinit();
-```
+All network I/O uses the built-in HTTP/1.1 client over `std.net.connectUnixSocket`.
+No external runtime initialisation is needed before using the library.
 
 ## Dependencies
 
 | Package | Role |
 |---------|------|
-| `dusty` | HTTP over Unix socket (Docker API transport) |
-| Zig stdlib | JSON, I/O, testing, memory |
+| Zig stdlib | JSON, I/O, HTTP, networking, testing, memory |
 
-zio is a transitive dependency of dusty; application code does not import it directly.
+No external dependencies. The library uses a built-in HTTP/1.1 client over Unix domain socket.
 
 ## Feature Comparison with testcontainers-go
 
@@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ testcontainers-zig/
 - **Supported Modules**: 10 (Postgres, MySQL, Redis, MongoDB, RabbitMQ, MariaDB, MinIO, Elasticsearch, Kafka, LocalStack)
 - **Wait Strategies**: 7 built-in
 - **Integration Tests**: 24
-- **External Dependencies**: 1 (`dusty`)
+- **External Dependencies**: 0
 - **Zig Version**: 0.15.2
 
 ## Testing Coverage

QUICKSTART.md

@@ -25,31 +25,19 @@ Wire it up in `build.zig`:
 ```zig
 const tc_dep = b.dependency("testcontainers", .{ .target = target, .optimize = optimize });
 exe.root_module.addImport("testcontainers", tc_dep.module("testcontainers"));
-// also expose zio so the runtime is accessible
-const zio_dep = tc_dep.builder.dependency("dusty", .{}).builder
-    .dependency("zio", .{});
-exe.root_module.addImport("zio", zio_dep.module("zio"));
 ```
 
 ## Basic Example
 
-Every program that uses testcontainers must initialise the **zio** async runtime before
-making any network calls:
-
 ```zig
 const std = @import("std");
-const zio = @import("zio");
 const tc  = @import("testcontainers");
 
 pub fn main() !void {
     var gpa = std.heap.GeneralPurposeAllocator(.{}){};
     defer _ = gpa.deinit();
     const alloc = gpa.allocator();
 
-    // REQUIRED: zio runtime must be alive for the duration of all I/O.
-    var rt = try zio.Runtime.init(alloc, .{});
-    defer rt.deinit();
-
     // Start a PostgreSQL container using the built-in module.
     var provider = try tc.DockerProvider.init(alloc);
     defer provider.deinit();

README.md

@@ -40,18 +40,13 @@ See [QUICKSTART.md](QUICKSTART.md) for a step-by-step guide.
 
 ```zig
 const std = @import("std");
-const zio = @import("zio");
 const tc  = @import("testcontainers");
 
 pub fn main() !void {
     var gpa = std.heap.GeneralPurposeAllocator(.{}){};
     defer _ = gpa.deinit();
     const alloc = gpa.allocator();
 
-    // zio runtime must live for the duration of all network I/O
-    var rt = try zio.Runtime.init(alloc, .{});
-    defer rt.deinit();
-
     const ctr = try tc.run(alloc, "nginx:latest", .{
         .exposed_ports = &.{"80/tcp"},
         .wait_strategy = tc.wait.forHttp("/"),

build.zig

@@ -4,24 +4,12 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
     const target = b.standardTargetOptions(.{});
     const optimize = b.standardOptimizeOption(.{});
 
-    const dusty_dep = b.dependency("dusty", .{
-        .target = target,
-        .optimize = optimize,
-    });
-
-    const zio_dep = dusty_dep.builder.dependency("zio", .{
-        .target = target,
-        .optimize = optimize,
-    });
-
     // Main library module
     const mod = b.addModule("testcontainers", .{
         .root_source_file = b.path("src/root.zig"),
         .target = target,
         .optimize = optimize,
     });
-    mod.addImport("dusty", dusty_dep.module("dusty"));
-    mod.addImport("zio", zio_dep.module("zio"));
 
     // Unit tests
     const lib_tests = b.addTest(.{
@@ -31,8 +19,6 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
             .optimize = optimize,
         }),
     });
-    lib_tests.root_module.addImport("dusty", dusty_dep.module("dusty"));
-    lib_tests.root_module.addImport("zio", zio_dep.module("zio"));
 
     const run_lib_tests = b.addRunArtifact(lib_tests);
     const test_step = b.step("test", "Run library tests");
@@ -46,8 +32,6 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
             .optimize = optimize,
         }),
     });
-    integration_tests.root_module.addImport("dusty", dusty_dep.module("dusty"));
-    integration_tests.root_module.addImport("zio", zio_dep.module("zio"));
     integration_tests.root_module.addImport("testcontainers", mod);
 
     const run_integration_tests = b.addRunArtifact(integration_tests);
@@ -64,8 +48,6 @@ pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
         }),
     });
     example.root_module.addImport("testcontainers", mod);
-    example.root_module.addImport("zio", zio_dep.module("zio"));
-    example.root_module.addImport("dusty", dusty_dep.module("dusty"));
     b.installArtifact(example);
 
     const run_example = b.addRunArtifact(example);

build.zig.zon

@@ -3,12 +3,7 @@
     .version = "0.1.0",
     .minimum_zig_version = "0.15.2",
     .fingerprint = 0x5ead92dc45f2b31e,
-    .dependencies = .{
-        .dusty = .{
-            .url = "git+https://github.com/lalinsky/dusty?ref=main#771fd97cd9899cda6f0b4c357ecce713fd080892",
-            .hash = "dusty-0.0.0-Qdw7Rnf0CQA_GZZjli5STfzOrVGJO-aIx3Bpg84VWTMd",
-        },
-    },
+    .dependencies = .{},
     .paths = .{
         "build.zig",
         "build.zig.zon",

examples/basic.zig

@@ -6,19 +6,13 @@
 /// Run with:
 ///   zig build example
 const std = @import("std");
-const zio = @import("zio");
 const tc = @import("testcontainers");
 
 pub fn main() !void {
     var gpa = std.heap.GeneralPurposeAllocator(.{}){};
     defer _ = gpa.deinit();
     const allocator = gpa.allocator();
 
-    // IMPORTANT: initialise the zio runtime before making any network calls.
-    // dusty (the HTTP library) is async-behind-the-scenes via zio.
-    var rt = try zio.Runtime.init(allocator, .{});
-    defer rt.deinit();
-
     std.log.info("Starting nginx container...", .{});
 
     const ctr = try tc.run(allocator, "nginx:latest", .{
@@ -36,27 +30,18 @@ pub fn main() !void {
     const port = try ctr.mappedPort("80/tcp", allocator);
     std.log.info("nginx is ready on localhost:{d}", .{port});
 
-    // Fetch the nginx welcome page using a dusty client
-    var client = tc.DockerClient.init(allocator, tc.docker_socket);
-    defer client.deinit();
-
-    // Use a plain dusty client to hit the mapped port over TCP
-    const dusty = @import("dusty");
-    var http_client = dusty.Client.init(allocator, .{});
-    defer http_client.deinit();
-
+    // Verify the nginx page is reachable using std.http.Client
     const url = try std.fmt.allocPrint(allocator, "http://localhost:{d}/", .{port});
     defer allocator.free(url);
 
-    var resp = try http_client.fetch(url, .{});
-    defer resp.deinit();
+    var http_client: std.http.Client = .{ .allocator = allocator };
+    defer http_client.deinit();
 
-    std.log.info("HTTP status: {d}", .{@intFromEnum(resp.status())});
+    const fetch_result = try http_client.fetch(.{
+        .location = .{ .url = url },
+    });
 
-    if (try resp.body()) |body| {
-        const preview_len = @min(body.len, 200);
-        std.log.info("Body preview:\n{s}", .{body[0..preview_len]});
-    }
+    std.log.info("HTTP status: {d}", .{@intFromEnum(fetch_result.status)});
 
     // Demonstrate exec
     const result = try ctr.exec(&.{ "echo", "hello from container" });