Implement read/write timeouts for BIO datagram

[smittals2]

Issues:

CryptoAlg-3287
CryptoAlg-3331

Description of changes:

Added

• BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_RECV_TIMEOUT
• BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_RECV_TIMEOUT
• BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_SEND_TIMEOUT
• BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_SEND_TIMEOUT

Testing:

• Read timeout test added
• For Write timeout, the APIs are tested but the behavior is not. Filling the send buffer to force a timeout with UDP is unreliable across different OS (buffers can be very large, or instead of timing out OS starts dropping packets).

Callouts:

• We also change how we track error states for datagram sockets. Previously, on read/write errors, we would only store certain errors if they were considered "retryable" or non-fatal. In the case of timeouts, WSAETIMEDOUT on Windows is not considered retriable and therefore was never tracked in our error handling, making that code path unreachable. This PR changes this behavior to store the error value regardless of whether it is retriable, so we can always track the error state.

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license and the ISC license.

[github-actions]

clang-tidy made some suggestions

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 72.05882% with 19 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 78.71%. Comparing base (3b1e95e) to head (cf2039d).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
crypto/bio/dgram.c	68.51%	17 Missing ⚠️
crypto/bio/bio_socket_test.cc	85.71%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2610      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   78.72%   78.71%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         646      646              
  Lines      111213   111275      +62     
  Branches    15710    15721      +11     
==========================================
+ Hits        87548    87593      +45     
- Misses      22973    22989      +16     
- Partials      692      693       +1     

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[samuel40791765]

Nit:

Suggested change

	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_RECV_TIMEOUT 33 /* setsockopt, essentially */
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_RECV_TIMEOUT 34 /* getsockopt, essentially */
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_SEND_TIMEOUT 35 /* setsockopt, essentially */
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_SEND_TIMEOUT 36 /* getsockopt, essentially */
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_RECV_TIMEOUT 33 // setsockopt, essentially
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_RECV_TIMEOUT 34 // getsockopt, essentially
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_SET_SEND_TIMEOUT 35 // setsockopt, essentially
	#define BIO_CTRL_DGRAM_GET_SEND_TIMEOUT 36 // getsockopt, essentially