Preliminary Analysis framework and GlobalStats group

[brian-oneill]

Add the initial analysis module update and the first set of analysis stats to support the GlobalStats group.

Changes include:

• Core Analysis driver.
• AnalysisOperator abstract base class and set of derived operators for computing global statistics: SpatialMinOp, SpatialMaxOp, SpatialMeanOp,SpatialStdDevOp, and TimeMeanOp
• AnalysisOpFactory for registering new operator types without modifying core infrastructure
• AnalysisGroup abstract base class for bundling related analysis outputs into output streams and derived group GlobalStats
• Needed Omega infrastructure enhancements including: added TimeInterval::isDivisibleBy function, made IOStream::create public, added reduction functions to support lower-dimensional masks.

Checklist

• Documentation:
  • Design document has been generated and added to the docs
  • User's Guide has been updated
  • Developer's Guide has been updated
  • Documentation has been built locally and changes look as expected
• Linting
  • Pre-commit run locally
• Building
  • CMake build does not produce any new warnings from changes in this PR
• Testing
  • Add a comment to the PR titled Testing with the following:
    • Which machines CTest unit tests
      have been run on and indicate that are all passing.
    • The Polaris omega_pr test suite
      has passed, using the Polaris e3sm_submodules/Omega baseline
    • Document machine(s), compiler(s), and the build path(s) used for -p for both the baseline (Polaris e3sm_submodules/Omega) and the PR build
    • Indicate "All tests passed" or document failing tests
  • New tests:
    • CTest unit tests for new features have been added per the approved design.

[brian-oneill]

Testing

CTest unit tests:

• Machine: Frontier
• Compilers: craygnu, craygnu-mphipcc
• Build type: Release
• Result: All tests passed

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Introduce an initial in-situ Analysis framework in the Omega component to enable
runtime computation and streaming of derived “GlobalStats” outputs (spatial
reductions and time-averaged statistics), supported by a factory-based operator
registry and bundled analysis groups.

Changes:

• Add core Analysis orchestration (operator DAG, alarm-driven scheduling, and
  dependency resolution) plus an extensible AnalysisOpFactory.
• Add first analysis operator set (spatial min/max/mean/stddev and TimeMean)
  and a bundled GlobalStats group that builds operator chains + IOStreams.
• Extend infrastructure to support analysis needs (time-interval divisibility
  checks, stream creation/alarm access, and masked reductions).

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 29 out of 29 changed files in this pull request and generated 7 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
components/omega/test/CMakeLists.txt	Register new analysis operator/system tests with CTest.
components/omega/test/analysis/AnalysisSystemTest.cpp	End-to-end/system coverage for DAG wiring, alarms, factory, and integration.
components/omega/test/analysis/AnalysisOperatorTest.cpp	Multi-type/operator-correctness unit tests for spatial ops and TimeMean.
components/omega/src/infra/TimeMgr.h	Add TimeInterval::isDivisibleBy API and Calendar friendship.
components/omega/src/infra/TimeMgr.cpp	Implement TimeInterval::isDivisibleBy.
components/omega/src/infra/OmegaKokkos.h	Add scalar→array type traits (Array1D_t, Array2D_t, …).
components/omega/src/infra/IOStream.h	Make IOStream::create public; add IOStream::getAlarm.
components/omega/src/infra/IOStream.cpp	Implement IOStream::getAlarm.
components/omega/src/CMakeLists.txt	Add analysis include path and compile analysis sources into Omega library.
components/omega/src/base/Reductions.h	Add masked sum/min/max reductions to support lower-dimensional masks.
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/TimeMeanOp.h	New temporal averaging operator (TimeMeanOp).
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/SpatialStdDevOp.h	New global spatial stddev operator (mask-aware).
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/SpatialMinOp.h	New global spatial min operator (mask-aware).
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/SpatialMeanOp.h	New global spatial mean operator (mask-aware).
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/SpatialMaxOp.h	New global spatial max operator (mask-aware).
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/Ops.h	Convenience include for all bundled operator headers.
components/omega/src/analysis/operators/Ops.cpp	Central registration of base operators into AnalysisOpFactory.
components/omega/src/analysis/AnalysisOpFactory.h	New operator factory interface + registration macro expansion.
components/omega/src/analysis/AnalysisOpFactory.cpp	Factory registry implementation and metadata-based dispatch.
components/omega/src/analysis/AnalysisOperator.h	New operator base class + inline Config helpers for operator params.
components/omega/src/analysis/AnalysisOperator.cpp	Base operator implementation (cache, init, registry cleanup).
components/omega/src/analysis/analysisGroups/Groups.h	Convenience include for bundled analysis groups.
components/omega/src/analysis/analysisGroups/GlobalStats.h	New bundled analysis group API for global statistics.
components/omega/src/analysis/analysisGroups/GlobalStats.cpp	Build operator chains and stream metadata from config.
components/omega/src/analysis/AnalysisGroup.h	New base class for bundled analysis groups + stream param helpers.
components/omega/src/analysis/AnalysisGroup.cpp	Create/group IOStreams, validate restart divisibility, attach fields.
components/omega/src/analysis/Analysis.h	Core Analysis orchestrator API and OperatorNode graph definition.
components/omega/src/analysis/Analysis.cpp	Core Analysis implementation (parsing, DAG build, alarms, compute).
components/omega/configs/Default.yml	Add a default-enabled Analysis: GlobalStats configuration block.