Python 3.13 Compatibility & CI Improvements

[teocns]

This PR includes two main improvements:

1. Python 3.13 Dependency Updates

• Ensures Pydantic ≥2.8.0 and typing-extensions are used to prevent build failures with pydantic-core when running with Python 3.13
• Implements using UV's constraint-dependencies with environment markers
• Allows flexible dependency versions for other Python versions while enforcing compatibility requirements specifically for Python 3.13

2. CI Workflow Enhancements

• Triggers python-tests workflow on pyproject.toml changes to ensure dependency updates are properly tested
• Updates setup-uv action configuration to use cache-suffix instead of deprecated cache-prefix parameter
• Maintains separate caches for different Python versions using cache-suffix: uv-${python-version}

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	36.85% <ø> (ø)

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