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Sugar Labs builds free/libre/open-source (FLO) tools that make learning playful and accessible. I recently contributed dark mode to a Sugar Labs web project. This post outlines the problem I encountered, how I debugged and fixed it, and the key lessons I learned so others can ship accessible theming with confidence.
The main Sugar Labs website originally lacked a dark mode option, which made browsing less comfortable in low-light conditions.
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Without dark mode, the bright interface could cause eye strain and reduce accessibility for users with light sensitivity.
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-**Goal:** Deliver a robust dark mode that respects system preference, including a manual toggle with persistence, and maintaining accessible contrast across the interface.
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-**Goal:** Deliver a robust dark mode that respects system preference, including a manual toggle with persistence, and maintaining accessible contrast across the interface.
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Implementing the dark mode required careful planning to ensure consistency and accessibility. I began by auditing the color system, identifying issues with hardcoded values, and setting up a structure that would support scalable theming. The steps below summarize my debugging process and how each challenge was resolved.
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## Debugging and Solution
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-**Color audit and mapping:** I inventoried all color usages, identified hardcoded values, and grouped them into semantic tokens (background, text, muted, accent, surface). This created a maintainable foundation for theming.
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-**Single source of truth:** I centralized color decisions via tokens instead of scattering values across files and components. This reduced duplication and made changes less error‑prone.
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-**Accessibility validation:** I checked contrast ratios, improved focus visibility, and tested keyboard navigation and zoom to ensure inclusive design.
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-**Cross‑browser and performance checks:** I verified behavior across major browsers and optimized the switch to be instantaneous by relying on theme variables rather than heavy DOM updates.
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## Challenges and Takeaways
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-**Third‑party components:** Some libraries hardcoded their colors. Carefully scoped overrides and mapping external variables to our tokens aligned them with the overall theme.
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-**Brand color tuning:** The primary accent required adjustments for dark backgrounds. Preserving hue while tweaking lightness/saturation retained brand identity and improved legibility.
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-**Legacy inline styles:** Inline color rules resisted theming. Moving values into tokens eliminated one‑off overrides and simplified maintenance.
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-**Documentation as leverage:** I documented the token system and theme architecture. Clear guidelines made it easier for future contributors to build consistently.
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-**Accessibility‑first mindset:** Dark mode is not color inversion. Designing for contrast, depth, and hierarchy from the start avoids costly rework later.
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## Impact and Conclusion
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-**Impact on users:** Reduced eye strain, improved readability, and a cohesive experience especially valuable for users with light sensitivity.
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-**Impact on the project:** A unified token system speeds up future development, theming, and contributor onboarding.
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-**Community value:** The approach respects user preferences, provides control, and centers accessibility principles aligned with Sugar Labs’ mission.
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By sharing my experience, I hope to inspire others to contribute to Sugar Labs and make a positive impact on the community. I started by defining semantic tokens, honoring system preferences, and prioritizing accessibility. Through this process, I was able to deliver a dark mode that feels natural, inclusive, and maintainable.
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