[Native Image] com.oracle.svm.core.util.VMError$HostedError: Bulk queries can only be set with 'name' which does not allow run-time conditions

[mnowrot]

Describe the Issue

After upgrading SpringBoot from 3.5.x to 4.0.x I can no longer native-compile the application. The error is:
Fatal error: com.oracle.svm.core.util.VMError$HostedError: Bulk queries can only be set with 'name' which does not allow run-time conditions.

Using the latest version of GraalVM can resolve many issues.

• I tried with the latest version of GraalVM.

GraalVM Version

java 25.0.2 2026-01-20 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment Oracle GraalVM 25.0.2+10.1 (build 25.0.2+10-LTS-jvmci-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM Oracle GraalVM 25.0.2+10.1 (build 25.0.2+10-LTS-jvmci-b01, mixed mode, sharing)

Operating System and Version

Ubuntu 24.04.6 under WSL2

Build Command

mvn clean package

Expected Behavior

The application native-compiles successfully

Actual Behavior

The compilation fails with an VMError

Steps to Reproduce

1. Clone the repository and checkout the branch: https://github.com/mnowrot/graal-vm-and-spring-boot/tree/native-build-issue
2. Run

mvn clean package

Additional Context

No response

Build Log Output and Error Messages

```
Fatal error: com.oracle.svm.core.util.VMError$HostedError: Bulk queries can only be set with 'name' which does not allow run-time conditions.
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.core.util.VMError.shouldNotReachHere(VMError.java:78)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.core.util.VMError.guarantee(VMError.java:122)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.reflect.ReflectionDataBuilder.guaranteeNotRuntimeConditionForQueries(ReflectionDataBuilder.java:256)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.reflect.ReflectionDataBuilder.registerAllFieldsQuery(ReflectionDataBuilder.java:563)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.reflect.ReflectionDataBuilder.registerClassMetadata(ReflectionDataBuilder.java:237)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.reflect.ReflectionDataBuilder.lambda$register$1(ReflectionDataBuilder.java:211)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.reflect.ReflectionDataBuilder.lambda$runConditionalInAnalysisTask$1(ReflectionDataBuilder.java:190)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.executeCommand(CompletionExecutor.java:166)
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.lambda$executeService$0(CompletionExecutor.java:152)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1750)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.compute(ForkJoinTask.java:1742)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$InterruptibleTask.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1659)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:511)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(ForkJoinPool.java:1450)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:2019)
	at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:187)
```

[thomaswue]

Thank you for reporting!

As a quick workaround to solve your concrete issue, remove this line 47 in your pom.xml:

  <buildArg>--future-defaults=all</buildArg>

This flag is used to test compatibility with upcoming features. We will also create a proper fix for this issue.

[ceyhunn]

Hi @thomaswue,

Same error occurs when using --exact-reachability-metadata

Graalvm version:

java version "25.0.3" 2026-04-21 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment Oracle GraalVM 25.0.3+9.1 (build 25.0.3+9-LTS-jvmci-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM Oracle GraalVM 25.0.3+9.1 (build 25.0.3+9-LTS-jvmci-b01, mixed mode, sharing)

native-build-tools version: 1.1.0

graalvm native gradle config:

graalvmNative {
    agent {
        enabled.set(true)
    }
    binaries {
        named("main") {
            buildArgs.add("-march=native")
            buildArgs.add("-H:+AddAllCharsets")
            buildArgs.add("--exact-reachability-metadata=org.apache.poi")
        }
        named("test") {
            buildArgs.add("-H:+AddAllCharsets")
        }
    }
}