[CI] Add shared macOS toolchain setup action (#815) #4987

Job	Run time
ci-scope	5s
pre-commit / link-check	15s
pre-commit / pre-commit	3m 20s
windows / msvc-build (Release)	1m 49s
mac / clang-build (Release)	3m 42s
mac / clang-build (Debug)	2m 52s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 48s
windows / clang-build	2m 54s
windows / msvc-build (Debug)	3m 49s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Debug)	2m 2s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Release)	2m 13s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 52s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 39s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-build (ubuntu-24.04)	3m 13s
windows / clang-test	1m 30s
mac / clang-test	1m 27s
windows / msvc-test	2m 35s
windows / clang-test-extended	1m 50s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 43s
mac / clang-test-extended	1m 16s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 48s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 7s
windows / msvc-test-extended	1m 44s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 14s
ubuntu / gcc-build-codecov	3m 48s
perf / macos-clang-build-perf-stats	1m 28s
perf / ubuntu-gcc-build-perf-stats	55s
pages / build-scoreboard	16s
pages / build-doxygen-xml	20s
pages / build-sphinx	42s
pages / deploy-pages	-1s
	58m 15s

Provide feedback