diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index c94d03c1..8ab382e3 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -256,10 +256,14 @@ therefore be updated in a near future to not take any of the argument
 related to auto-fixing, and fail instead of silently modifying its
 parameters on invalid notebooks.
 
-`nbformat` now contain a `normalize` function that will return a
-normalized copy of a notebook that is suitable for validation. While
-offered as a convenience we discourage its use and suggest library make
-sure to generate valid notebooks.
+`nbformat` now provides a `normalize` function that returns a normalized
+copy of a notebook suitable for validation. This function is intended as
+a helper for tools that need to prepare notebooks before calling
+`validate()`.
+
+Most libraries and applications should continue to generate valid
+notebooks directly and rely on `validate()` to check correctness, rather
+than using `normalize()` as part of normal notebook creation.
 
 ### Other changes
 
diff --git a/nbformat/reader.py b/nbformat/reader.py
index 6e23b4e8..3bc3066d 100644
--- a/nbformat/reader.py
+++ b/nbformat/reader.py
@@ -47,7 +47,10 @@ def get_version(nb):
 
 
 def reads(s, **kwargs):
-    """Read a notebook from a json string and return the
+    """
+    Note: This function reads notebook content from a string and does not perform file I/O.
+
+    Read a notebook from a json string and return the
     NotebookNode object.
 
     This function properly reads notebooks of any version.  No version
diff --git a/nbformat/validator.py b/nbformat/validator.py
index 00e8755f..33b9d4c2 100644
--- a/nbformat/validator.py
+++ b/nbformat/validator.py
@@ -425,6 +425,8 @@ def validate(
     """Checks whether the given notebook dict-like object
     conforms to the relevant notebook format schema.
 
+    Note: This function validates notebooks but does not modify them; use `normalize()` if a normalized copy is required before validation.
+
     Parameters
     ----------
     nbdict : dict
diff --git a/tests/test_validator.py b/tests/test_validator.py
index ba7fd5ef..b7540328 100644
--- a/tests/test_validator.py
+++ b/tests/test_validator.py
@@ -383,3 +383,22 @@ def test_strip_invalid_metadata():
     ):
         validate(nb, strip_invalid_metadata=True)
     assert isvalid(nb)
+
+
+def test_validate_does_not_mutate_notebook():
+    from nbformat import v4
+    from nbformat.validator import validate
+
+    # Create a simple valid notebook
+    nb = v4.new_notebook(cells=[v4.new_markdown_cell("hello")])
+
+    # Make a deep copy to compare after validation
+    import copy
+
+    nb_before = copy.deepcopy(nb)
+
+    # Validate the notebook
+    validate(nb)
+
+    # Ensure validation did not modify the notebook
+    assert nb == nb_before