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Guide to building and booting Linux on iDevices

pongoOS

macOS

  1. Install checkra1n
  2. git clone https://github.com/konradybcio/pongoOS
  3. cd pongoOS
  4. make -j$(nproc)
  5. /Applications/checkra1n.app/Contents/MacOS/checkra1n -v -V -p -c -k ./build/Pongo.bin

Linux (adapted from the pongoOS repo)

  1. Install checkra1n
  2. git clone https://github.com/konradybcio/pongoOS
  3. cd pongoOS
  4. Install clang (use your distro's package manager)
  5. Install ld64 and cctools-strip

Debian, Ubuntu and friends:

echo 'deb https://assets.checkra.in/debian /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/checkra1n.list
sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://assets.checkra.in/debian/archive.key
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y ld64 cctools-strip

Other distros:

ld64

wget https://github.com/Siguza/ld64/releases/download/530-2/ld64.zip
unzip ld64.zip 
chmod +x ld64
sudo mv ./ld64 /usr/bin/
rm ./ld64.zip ./ld64_530-2_amd64.deb

cctools-strip

wget https://github.com/Siguza/ld64/releases/download/530-2/cctools-strip.zip
unzip cctools-strip.zip
chmod +x cctools-strip
sudo mv ./cctools-strip /usr/bin/
rm ./cctools-strip.zip ./cctools-strip_949.0.1-2_amd64.deb
  • Alternatively build from this repo: https://github.com/Siguza/ld64
  1. EMBEDDED_CC=clang EMBEDDED_LDFLAGS=-fuse-ld=/usr/bin/ld64 STRIP=cctools-strip make all
  2. /path/to/checkra1n -v -V -p -c -k ./build/Pongo.bin

Linux (kernel)

macOS

  1. Get a Linux machine / VM and follow the instructions below ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

Linux

  1. Install clang ncurses flex git bison and whatever build-essential packages from your distro
  2. git clone https://github.com/konradybcio/linux-apple (this like >2 GiB in size)
  3. cd linux-apple
  4. Get a defconfig:
  • There's an example one in this repo and copy it as .config to the directory you're in. (wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SoMainline/linux-apple-resources/master/example.config -O ./.config)
  • Alternatively:
    • On arm64: Run make defconfig
    • NOT on arm64: Run make ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1 defconfig
  1. Make sure CONFIG_ARCH_APPLE, CONFIG_FB_SIMPLE and CONFIG_USB_DWC2 are set to =y
  2. Adjust your page size:
  • On arm64: Run make menuconfig
  • NOT on arm64: Run make ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1 menuconfig
  • Press / to search
  • Type _PAGES and press ENTER
  • Press 1
  • Press ENTER and select your desired pagesize with arrows (4K for A7-A8X, 16K for A9 and above)
  • Press ENTER to select
  • Mash ESC like a mad dog until you get asked whether you want to save, choose yes
  1. Compile the kernel:
  • On arm64: make -j$(nproc) Image.lzma dtbs
  • Not on arm64: make ARCH=arm64 LLVM=1 -j$(nproc) Image.lzma dtbs

DTBPACK

  1. Get the dtbpack script from this repo and put it in your Linux source directory (wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/SoMainline/linux-apple-resources/master/dtbpack.sh)

  2. make it executable by running chmod +x dtbpack.sh

  3. Run ./dtbpack.sh

  4. Verify there is now a ~100KiB (or more) file called dtbpack in your directory by running ls -lh dtbpack

Boot the thing

  1. Think back to where your pongoOS directory is
  2. Find some arm64 ramdisk (you can steal it from any arm64 distro's /boot partition or use one from this repo)
  3. python3 /path/to/pongoOS/scripts/load_linux.py -k arch/arm64/boot/Image.lzma -d dtbpack -r someramdisk.img
  • If you see Waiting for device... -> unplug and replug the lightning cable