diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 1b9b7d25..11e4b995 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -35,6 +35,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "anes"
+version = "0.1.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4b46cbb362ab8752921c97e041f5e366ee6297bd428a31275b9fcf1e380f7299"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
 version = "0.6.20"
@@ -204,6 +210,12 @@ version = "1.10.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d71b6127be86fdcfddb610f7182ac57211d4b18a3e9c82eb2d17662f2227ad6a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cast"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "37b2a672a2cb129a2e41c10b1224bb368f9f37a2b16b612598138befd7b37eb5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
 version = "1.2.39"
@@ -245,6 +257,33 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-link 0.2.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ciborium"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "42e69ffd6f0917f5c029256a24d0161db17cea3997d185db0d35926308770f0e"
+dependencies = [
+ "ciborium-io",
+ "ciborium-ll",
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ciborium-io"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "05afea1e0a06c9be33d539b876f1ce3692f4afea2cb41f740e7743225ed1c757"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ciborium-ll"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "57663b653d948a338bfb3eeba9bb2fd5fcfaecb9e199e87e1eda4d9e8b240fd9"
+dependencies = [
+ "ciborium-io",
+ "half",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
 version = "4.5.48"
@@ -325,6 +364,42 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "criterion"
+version = "0.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f2b12d017a929603d80db1831cd3a24082f8137ce19c69e6447f54f5fc8d692f"
+dependencies = [
+ "anes",
+ "cast",
+ "ciborium",
+ "clap",
+ "criterion-plot",
+ "is-terminal",
+ "itertools 0.10.5",
+ "num-traits",
+ "once_cell",
+ "oorandom",
+ "plotters",
+ "rayon",
+ "regex",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_derive",
+ "serde_json",
+ "tinytemplate",
+ "walkdir",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "criterion-plot"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6b50826342786a51a89e2da3a28f1c32b06e387201bc2d19791f622c673706b1"
+dependencies = [
+ "cast",
+ "itertools 0.10.5",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-channel"
 version = "0.5.15"
@@ -334,6 +409,25 @@ dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-utils",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crossbeam-deque"
+version = "0.8.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9dd111b7b7f7d55b72c0a6ae361660ee5853c9af73f70c3c2ef6858b950e2e51"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-epoch",
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "crossbeam-epoch"
+version = "0.9.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5b82ac4a3c2ca9c3460964f020e1402edd5753411d7737aa39c3714ad1b5420e"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-queue"
 version = "0.3.12"
@@ -349,6 +443,12 @@ version = "0.8.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d0a5c400df2834b80a4c3327b3aad3a4c4cd4de0629063962b03235697506a28"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crunchy"
+version = "0.2.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "460fbee9c2c2f33933d720630a6a0bac33ba7053db5344fac858d4b8952d77d5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crypto-common"
 version = "0.1.6"
@@ -676,6 +776,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "half"
+version = "2.7.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6ea2d84b969582b4b1864a92dc5d27cd2b77b622a8d79306834f1be5ba20d84b"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "crunchy",
+ "zerocopy",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.15.5"
@@ -1035,12 +1146,32 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "is-terminal"
+version = "0.4.17"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3640c1c38b8e4e43584d8df18be5fc6b0aa314ce6ebf51b53313d4306cca8e46"
+dependencies = [
+ "hermit-abi",
+ "libc",
+ "windows-sys 0.61.1",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "is_terminal_polyfill"
 version = "1.70.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7943c866cc5cd64cbc25b2e01621d07fa8eb2a1a23160ee81ce38704e97b8ecf"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "itertools"
+version = "0.10.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b0fd2260e829bddf4cb6ea802289de2f86d6a7a690192fbe91b3f46e0f2c8473"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "itertools"
 version = "0.14.0"
@@ -1137,10 +1268,12 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "mchprs"
 version = "0.4.1"
 dependencies = [
+ "criterion",
  "mchprs_blocks",
  "mchprs_core",
  "mchprs_redpiler",
  "mchprs_redstone",
+ "mchprs_save_data",
  "mchprs_world",
  "paste",
  "tracing",
@@ -1171,7 +1304,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ctrlc",
  "hematite-nbt",
  "hmac",
- "itertools",
+ "itertools 0.14.0",
  "mchprs_blocks",
  "mchprs_network",
  "mchprs_proc_macros",
@@ -1224,7 +1357,7 @@ name = "mchprs_redpiler"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "enum_dispatch",
- "itertools",
+ "itertools 0.14.0",
  "mchprs_blocks",
  "mchprs_redstone",
  "mchprs_world",
@@ -1518,6 +1651,12 @@ version = "1.70.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a4895175b425cb1f87721b59f0f286c2092bd4af812243672510e1ac53e2e0ad"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "oorandom"
+version = "11.1.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d6790f58c7ff633d8771f42965289203411a5e5c68388703c06e14f24770b41e"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl"
 version = "0.10.73"
@@ -1625,6 +1764,34 @@ version = "0.3.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7edddbd0b52d732b21ad9a5fab5c704c14cd949e5e9a1ec5929a24fded1b904c"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "plotters"
+version = "0.3.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5aeb6f403d7a4911efb1e33402027fc44f29b5bf6def3effcc22d7bb75f2b747"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+ "plotters-backend",
+ "plotters-svg",
+ "wasm-bindgen",
+ "web-sys",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "plotters-backend"
+version = "0.3.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "df42e13c12958a16b3f7f4386b9ab1f3e7933914ecea48da7139435263a4172a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "plotters-svg"
+version = "0.3.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "51bae2ac328883f7acdfea3d66a7c35751187f870bc81f94563733a154d7a670"
+dependencies = [
+ "plotters-backend",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "potential_utf"
 version = "0.1.3"
@@ -1739,6 +1906,26 @@ dependencies = [
  "getrandom 0.3.3",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rayon"
+version = "1.11.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "368f01d005bf8fd9b1206fb6fa653e6c4a81ceb1466406b81792d87c5677a58f"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+ "rayon-core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rayon-core"
+version = "1.13.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "22e18b0f0062d30d4230b2e85ff77fdfe4326feb054b9783a3460d8435c8ab91"
+dependencies = [
+ "crossbeam-deque",
+ "crossbeam-utils",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "redox_syscall"
 version = "0.5.17"
@@ -1923,6 +2110,15 @@ version = "1.0.20"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "28d3b2b1366ec20994f1fd18c3c594f05c5dd4bc44d8bb0c1c632c8d6829481f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "same-file"
+version = "1.0.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "93fc1dc3aaa9bfed95e02e6eadabb4baf7e3078b0bd1b4d7b6b0b68378900502"
+dependencies = [
+ "winapi-util",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "saturating"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2282,6 +2478,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "zerovec",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "tinytemplate"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "be4d6b5f19ff7664e8c98d03e2139cb510db9b0a60b55f8e8709b689d939b6bc"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "tokio"
 version = "1.47.1"
@@ -2603,6 +2809,16 @@ version = "0.9.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "walkdir"
+version = "2.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "29790946404f91d9c5d06f9874efddea1dc06c5efe94541a7d6863108e3a5e4b"
+dependencies = [
+ "same-file",
+ "winapi-util",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "want"
 version = "0.3.1"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 01649bf9..93f38f40 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ mchprs_world = { path = "./crates/world" }
 mchprs_blocks = { path = "./crates/blocks" }
 mchprs_redpiler = { path = "./crates/redpiler" }
 mchprs_redstone = { path = "./crates/redstone" }
+mchprs_save_data = { path = "./crates/save_data" }
 paste = { workspace = true }
+criterion = { workspace = true }
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
 toml = "0.8"
@@ -86,3 +88,8 @@ tracing-appender = "0.2"
 paste = "1.0"
 chrono = "0.4"
 clap = { version = "4.5", features = ["derive"] }
+criterion = { version = "0.5", features = ["html_reports"] }
+
+[[bench]]
+name = "redpiler_bench"
+harness = false
diff --git a/benches/plots/adder b/benches/plots/adder
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2ce93ab6
Binary files /dev/null and b/benches/plots/adder differ
diff --git a/benches/plots/call_stack b/benches/plots/call_stack
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43eb9ac1
Binary files /dev/null and b/benches/plots/call_stack differ
diff --git a/benches/plots/long_wire b/benches/plots/long_wire
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..922deb84
Binary files /dev/null and b/benches/plots/long_wire differ
diff --git a/benches/plots/repeater_grid b/benches/plots/repeater_grid
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..384e807f
Binary files /dev/null and b/benches/plots/repeater_grid differ
diff --git a/benches/redpiler_bench.rs b/benches/redpiler_bench.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6c6e59d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/benches/redpiler_bench.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+use mchprs_blocks::{blocks::Block, BlockPos};
+use mchprs_core::plot::{PlotWorld, PLOT_WIDTH};
+use mchprs_redpiler::{Compiler, CompilerOptions};
+use mchprs_save_data::plot_data::PlotData;
+use mchprs_world::World;
+
+use criterion::{criterion_group, criterion_main, BatchSize, Criterion};
+
+fn load_plot(path: impl AsRef<std::path::Path>) -> PlotWorld {
+    let plot_data = PlotData::load_from_file(path).unwrap();
+    let chunks = plot_data
+        .chunk_data
+        .into_iter()
+        .enumerate()
+        .map(|(i, c)| c.load(i as i32 / PLOT_WIDTH, i as i32 % PLOT_WIDTH));
+    PlotWorld {
+        x: 0,
+        z: 0,
+        chunks: chunks.collect(),
+        to_be_ticked: plot_data.pending_ticks,
+        packet_senders: Vec::new(),
+    }
+}
+
+const PLOTS: [(&str, BlockPos); 4] = [
+    ("adder", BlockPos::new(30, 3, 46)),
+    ("call_stack", BlockPos::new(29, 0, 10)),
+    ("long_wire", BlockPos::new(31, 1, 16)),
+    ("repeater_grid", BlockPos::new(16, 1, 16)),
+];
+
+fn bench_compile(c: &mut Criterion) {
+    let compile_options = CompilerOptions::default();
+    let mut group = c.benchmark_group("compile_unoptimized");
+    for (plot_name, _) in PLOTS {
+        let world = load_plot(format!("benches/plots/{plot_name}"));
+        let bounds = world.get_corners();
+        group.bench_function(plot_name, |bencher| {
+            bencher.iter_batched_ref(
+                Compiler::default,
+                |compiler: &mut Compiler| {
+                    compiler.compile(
+                        &world,
+                        bounds,
+                        compile_options,
+                        Default::default(),
+                        Default::default(),
+                    );
+                },
+                BatchSize::LargeInput,
+            );
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+fn bench_tick(c: &mut Criterion) {
+    let compile_options = CompilerOptions::default();
+    let mut group = c.benchmark_group("tick_unoptimized");
+    for (plot_name, start_trigger_pos) in PLOTS {
+        let world = load_plot(format!("benches/plots/{plot_name}"));
+        let bounds = world.get_corners();
+        assert!(matches!(
+            world.get_block(start_trigger_pos),
+            Block::StoneButton { .. } | Block::Lever { .. }
+        ));
+        let setup = || {
+            let mut compiler = Compiler::default();
+            compiler.compile(
+                &world,
+                bounds,
+                compile_options,
+                Default::default(),
+                Default::default(),
+            );
+            compiler.on_use_block(start_trigger_pos);
+            compiler
+        };
+        group.bench_function(plot_name, |bencher| {
+            bencher.iter_batched_ref(
+                setup,
+                |compiler: &mut Compiler| {
+                    while compiler.has_pending_ticks() {
+                        compiler.tick();
+                    }
+                },
+                BatchSize::LargeInput,
+            );
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+criterion_group!(benches, bench_compile, bench_tick);
+criterion_main!(benches);
diff --git a/crates/redpiler/src/lib.rs b/crates/redpiler/src/lib.rs
index 36d3c162..42429efb 100644
--- a/crates/redpiler/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/redpiler/src/lib.rs
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ fn block_powered_mut(block: &mut Block) -> Option<&mut bool> {
     })
 }
 
-#[derive(Default, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Default, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct CompilerOptions {
     /// Enable optimization passes which may significantly increase compile times.
     pub optimize: bool,